{"id":511,"date":"2018-09-25T10:06:23","date_gmt":"2018-09-25T10:06:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.amt.in\/?p=511"},"modified":"2018-09-25T10:06:23","modified_gmt":"2018-09-25T10:06:23","slug":"introduction-to-database","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.amt.in\/index.php\/2018\/09\/25\/introduction-to-database\/","title":{"rendered":"Introduction to Database"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>A\u00c2\u00a0database\u00c2\u00a0is an organized collection of\u00c2\u00a0data, stored and accessed electronically. Database designers typically organize the data to model aspects of reality in a way that supports\u00c2\u00a0processes\u00c2\u00a0requiring information, such as (for example) modeling the availability of rooms in hotels in a way that supports finding a hotel with vacancies.<\/p>\n<p>The\u00c2\u00a0database management system\u00c2\u00a0(DBMS) is the\u00c2\u00a0software\u00c2\u00a0that interacts with\u00c2\u00a0end users, applications, and the database itself to capture and analyze data. A general-purpose DBMS allows the definition, creation, querying, update, and administration of databases. A database is generally stored in a DBMS-specific format which is not\u00c2\u00a0portable, but different DBMSs can share data by using\u00c2\u00a0standards\u00c2\u00a0such as\u00c2\u00a0SQL\u00c2\u00a0and\u00c2\u00a0ODBC\u00c2\u00a0or\u00c2\u00a0JDBC. The sum total of the database, the DBMS and its associated applications can be referred to as a &#8220;database system&#8221;. Often the term &#8220;database&#8221; is used to loosely refer to any of the DBMS, the database system or an application associated the database.<\/p>\n<p>Computer scientists may classify database-management systems according to the\u00c2\u00a0database models\u00c2\u00a0that they support.\u00c2\u00a0Relational databases\u00c2\u00a0became dominant in the 1980s. These model data as\u00c2\u00a0rows\u00c2\u00a0and\u00c2\u00a0columns\u00c2\u00a0in a series of\u00c2\u00a0tables, and the vast majority use\u00c2\u00a0SQL\u00c2\u00a0for writing and querying data. In the 2000s, non-relational databases became popular, referred to as\u00c2\u00a0NoSQL\u00c2\u00a0because they use different\u00c2\u00a0query languages.<\/p>\n<p>Outside the world of professional\u00c2\u00a0information technology, the term\u00c2\u00a0database\u00c2\u00a0is often used to refer to any collection of related data (such as a\u00c2\u00a0spreadsheet\u00c2\u00a0or a card index) as however size and usage requirements typically necessitate use of a database management system.<\/p>\n<p>Existing DBMSs provide various functions that allow management of a database and its data which can be classified into four main functional groups:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Data definition\u00c2\u00a0\u00e2\u20ac\u201c Creation, modification and removal of definitions that define the organization of the data.<\/li>\n<li>Update\u00c2\u00a0\u00e2\u20ac\u201c Insertion, modification, and deletion of the actual data.<\/li>\n<li>Retrieval\u00c2\u00a0\u00e2\u20ac\u201c Providing information in a form directly usable or for further processing by other applications. The retrieved data may be made available in a form basically the same as it is stored in the database or in a new form obtained by altering or combining existing data from the database.<\/li>\n<li>Administration\u00c2\u00a0\u00e2\u20ac\u201c Registering and monitoring users, enforcing data security, monitoring performance, maintaining data integrity, dealing with concurrency control, and recovering information that has been corrupted by some event such as an unexpected system failure.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In recent years, there has been a strong demand for massively distributed databases with high partition tolerance, but according to the\u00c2\u00a0CAP theorem\u00c2\u00a0it is impossible for a\u00c2\u00a0distributed system\u00c2\u00a0to simultaneously provide\u00c2\u00a0consistency, availability, and partition tolerance guarantees. A distributed system can satisfy any two of these guarantees at the same time, but not all three. For that reason, many NoSQL databases are using what is called\u00c2\u00a0eventual consistency\u00c2\u00a0to provide both availability and partition tolerance guarantees with a reduced level of data consistency.<\/p>\n<p>New-SQL is a class of modern relational databases that aims to provide the same scalable performance of NoSQL systems for online transaction processing (read-write) workloads while still using SQL and maintaining the ACID guarantees of a traditional database system.<\/p>\n<p>The above is a brief about Database. Watch this space for more updates on the latest trends in technology.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>A\u00c2\u00a0database\u00c2\u00a0is an organized collection of\u00c2\u00a0data,<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":512,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[227,7],"tags":[228,18],"class_list":["post-511","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-database","category-techtrends","tag-database","tag-technology"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.amt.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/511","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.amt.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.amt.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.amt.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.amt.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=511"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/blog.amt.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/511\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":513,"href":"https:\/\/blog.amt.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/511\/revisions\/513"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.amt.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/512"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.amt.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=511"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.amt.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=511"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.amt.in\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=511"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}