Radio-frequency identification\u00c2\u00a0(RFID) uses\u00c2\u00a0electromagnetic fields\u00c2\u00a0to automatically identify and track tags attached to objects. The tags contain electronically-stored information. Passive tags collect energy from a nearby RFID reader’s interrogating\u00c2\u00a0radio waves. Active tags have a local power source (such as a battery) and may operate hundreds of meters from the RFID reader. Unlike a\u00c2\u00a0barcode, the tag need not be within the line of sight of the reader, so it may be embedded in the tracked object. RFID is one method for\u00c2\u00a0Automatic Identification and Data Capture\u00c2\u00a0(AIDC).<\/p>\n
RFID tags are used in many industries, for example, an RFID tag attached to an automobile during production can be used to track its progress through the assembly line; RFID-tagged pharmaceuticals can be tracked through warehouses; and\u00c2\u00a0implanting RFID microchips\u00c2\u00a0in livestock and pets allows for positive identification of animals.<\/p>\n
Since RFID tags can be attached to cash, clothing, and possessions, or implanted in animals and people, the possibility of reading personally-linked information without consent has raised serious privacy concerns. These concerns resulted in standard specifications development addressing privacy and security issues.\u00c2\u00a0ISO\/IEC 18000\u00c2\u00a0and ISO\/IEC 29167 use on-chip\u00c2\u00a0cryptography\u00c2\u00a0methods for untraceability, tag and reader\u00c2\u00a0authentication, and over-the-air privacy.\u00c2\u00a0ISO\/IEC 20248\u00c2\u00a0specifies a\u00c2\u00a0digital signature\u00c2\u00a0data structure for RFID and\u00c2\u00a0barcodes\u00c2\u00a0providing data, source and read method authenticity. This work is done within\u00c2\u00a0ISO\/IEC JTC 1\/SC 31 Automatic identification and data capture techniques. Tags can also be used in shops to expedite checkout, and to prevent theft by customers and employees.<\/p>\n
In 2014, the world RFID market was worth US$8.89 billion, up from US$7.77 billion in 2013 and US$6.96 billion in 2012. This figure includes tags, readers, and software\/services for RFID cards, labels, fobs, and all other form factors. The market value is expected to rise to US$18.68 billion by 2026.<\/p>\n
The RFID tag can be affixed to an object and used to track and manage inventory, assets, people, etc. For example, it can be affixed to cars, computer equipment, books, mobile phones, etc.<\/p>\n
RFID offers advantages over manual systems or use of\u00c2\u00a0bar codes. The tag can be read if passed near a reader, even if it is covered by the object or not visible. The tag can be read inside a case, carton, box or other container, and unlike barcodes, RFID tags can be read hundreds at a time. Bar codes can only be read one at a time using current devices.<\/p>\n
In 2011, the cost of passive tags started at US$0.09 each; special tags, meant to be mounted on metal or withstand gamma sterilization, can go up to US$5. Active tags for tracking containers, medical assets, or monitoring environmental conditions in data centers start at US$50 and can go up over US$100 each. Battery-Assisted Passive (BAP) tags are in the US$3\u00e2\u20ac\u201c10 range and also have sensor capability like temperature and humidity.<\/p>\n
RFID can be used in a variety of applications,\u00c2\u00a0such as:<\/p>\n
The above is a brief about Radio frequency identification. Watch this space for more information in latest trends in Technology.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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